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Graz Austria (1) / Austria

Monument and Uhrturm Archduke Johann (Graz)

Graz framed south of the Alps is the capital of Styria and the second most populous core Austria. It is crossed by the river Mur. Graz
roots date back to Roman times, when a small fort was built in the area of \u200b\u200bSchlossberg, later Slovenes built a larger fort on the spot. Slovenian castle name is "Gradec" ("small castle"), which gave rise to the name. Graz was first mentioned by name in German in 1128, when the Dukes of Babenberg turned the place into a shopping center. In 1281 Rudolf of Habsburg recognized status of municipality, and from 1379 to 1619 was the residence of the branch Leopoldo (or Styria) of the Habsburgs, to which he belonged, also Caristie, Istria and the Tyrol.
Because of its importance as a strategic location, Graz was often assaulted by the Ottoman Turks during the sixteenth century. In the Napoleonic period spent three times by the French. In the first half of the nineteenth century received a big boost to their development in the hands of Archduke Johann von Habsburg, who established his residence here and created the Joanneum, a vital cultural institution. During World War II Graz was part of Nazi Germany (along with the rest of Austria). At the end of the war Graz was turned over to Soviet troops largely intact since the helmet history was not seriously affected during the Allied bombing of the city.
Graz in 1999 was declared World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO, as it has a mix of architecture typical of a city located at the crossroads between the Germanic countries, the Balkans and the Mediterranean. Its streets are usually found a successive replacement of different styles from Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque to historical eclecticism and Jugendstil, the name given to the Germanic version of Modernism. In 2003 Graz was designated European City of Culture.
Graz has a rich history in education, which is manifested in the number of universities in the city. His first university Founded in 1585, the Karl-Franzens-Universität, and is associated with such illustrious names as Johannes Kepler, Erwin Schrödinger and Nikola Tesla.

Rathaus and Erzherzhog-Johann-Brunnen (Graz)

»Buildings and places of interest (1):

a first delivery we focus on the fantastic old town of Graz, on the eastern side of the Mur, dominated by the hill Schlossberg, whose stage and its surrounding streets and squares will see in the second delivery.
"Hauptplatz : The Plaza Mayor is the heart and central point of the city. In the center of the square is the source Erzherzhog-Johann-Brunnen built in 1878, is reminiscent of Archduke Johann as 'Prince of Styria', surrounded by allegorical figures. The representative Rathaus (town hall) with cupola, clock and square turrets overlooking the main square of Graz since the nineteenth century. It was built by C. Stadler between 1888 and 1893 in eclectic style with German neo-Renaissance forms.
In the rest of the square stands the Luegghaus , at number 11 on the corner with Sportgasse, early sixteenth century, as amended by D. Orsolino in 1691, with a facade richly plastered, the birthplace of Franz von Zeiller jurist (1751-1828) at 15, decorated with a Madonna and a patio baroque double late Gothic arches, and the Haus Weissches , number 3, Baroque façade decorated with stucco 1710.

Herrengasse (Graz)

"Herrengasse : The old main street and joins the Hauptplaz with Jakominiplatz. Is flanked by ancient and modern buildings, as well as luxury retailers. On the left side at number 7, is the Gemalto Haus, 1742, whose facade is decorated with frescoes depicting Greek mythological gods made by the Baroque painter Johann Mayer. Its courtyard is known as Herzoghof. At number 9 is the Palais Breuner , with a patio of 1570 known as Generalihof. On the right side are in two adjacent things, the Landhaus and Zeughaus.
»Landhaus (Herrengasse 16): The former headquarters of the Regional Parliament of Styria. One of the most important Renaissance buildings in central Europe. The main building was built between 1557 and 1565 by the Italian architect Domenico dell'Allio. The main facade is dominated by rounded windows and a loggia. A beautiful Renaissance courtyard, built between 1581 and 1585 by Antonio and Francesco Marmora, opens with large arches and three superimposed galleries, on one side of the magnificent courtyard is well made by local artists T. Auer and M. Wening in 1590. Inside the building you can see the grand staircase, the Rittersaal (the Knights' Hall) and Landstube (Regional Parliament room) decorated with stucco ornaments and reliefs made by the brothers Formentini in 1746. The Landhauskapelle was built by B. of Bosio in 1631.

Landhaus (Graz)

"Zeughaus (Herrengasse 16) [official website ]: The former arsenal, built between 1642 and 1644 as a project of A and G. Solari Mamolo as arms depot for the Landestände defend the city against the Turks is, with more than 32,000 historical weapons, ancient armor and military equipment, the world's most complete arsenal. The weapons and armor from the sixteenth and XVI (knives, firearms, shields, helmets, pikes and halberds) is spread over four floors.
"Grazer zum Heiligen Blut Stadtpfarrkirche (Herrengasse 23): The parish church, built in the sixteenth century in late Gothic style, is decorated by a Baroque facade and a tower of 1780 which stands on the left side. Its turbulent history tells stories of a time as the church of the Dominican convent of baroque and neo-Gothic reforms and bombs of the Second World War. The images of Hitler and Mussolini in the windows recall a dark time. It is the tomb of S. Erlacher, who died in 1649, founder of the famous family of architects of Erlach. It also stresses the Johann-Nepomuk-Kapelle 1741, which has a large Baroque altar decorated with an 'Assumption' of Tintoretto, moved to this place by his pupil Pietro Pomis in 1594.

Am Eisernen Stadtpfarrkirche Tor (Graz )

"Am Eisernen Tor: The Herrengase results in this leafy square in the center of which is the Mariensälue. D. work Scassi, a column dedicated to the Virgin in 1664 by the victory won by Raymond Montecuccoli over the Turks.
"Landesmuseum Joanneum [ official Web ]: Founded in 1811 by Archduke John of Austria (1782-1859), brother of Austrian Emperor Francis I, and various cultural institutions in the city, is installed in several buildings contiguous. In Raubergasse numeral 10, is the access to the old Lesliehof, built by D. Scassi, which hosts the collections of natural sciences and the National Library of Styria. It is the headquarters of the museum. At number 45 of the Neutorgasse, in a restored late nineteenth century, are located the ancient art collections and implemented.
"Opera (Kaiser-Josef-Platz 10) [official website ]: Herrengase Going down the street to the left and following through Opernring Avenue leads to the Graz Opera House, built in 1899 as drawings of the Viennese architects Ferdinand Fellner and Hermann Helmer. Here dramatically join tradition and modernity: the iron sculpture 'Lichtschwert' of Hartmuk Skerbisch, symbol of openness and tolerance, provides an exciting contrast in front of the opera.
"Franziskanerviertel : In this district, facing the Erzherzog-Johann-Brücke (Old Hauptbrücke), is still known as the 'K * albern Viertel" ("Barrio Meat'). This name has its origins in the tradition of the butchers who many centuries ago continue to offer their products here. The most important buildings in the neighborhood are the Franziskanakirche and the Franciscan monastery. The Franziskanerkloster is one of the oldest monasteries of the city (1239) and was founded as a convent in a strategic minority of the wall of town and built like a tower of the city in the seventeenth century, unusual for a tower mendicant. Attached to it is the Franziskanakirche , built in the XIII century in Gothic style, and three naves separated by slender pillars.
A Murgasse right, at number 3 of Paradeisgasse opens the Paradeishof , a patio of the old Protestant school, built in 1568 by Francesco Marmora and where he taught Kepler. In 1599, after the Counter-Reformation, was transformed into a convent of Poor Clares. Until 1781 it was installed on the sarcophagus of Archduke Charles II, who was subsequently transferred to Mausoleum.

Dom (Graz)

"Hofgasse : It connects the center with the cathedral (Dom) through a route that runs from old buildings. At number 6 highlights the front of the bakery palate Hofbäckerei Eddeger , made in 1896 with a magnificent wooden doorway surmounted by a double-headed eagle. The number 8 is the old Stadthaus Lamberg, built in 1440 and rebuilt in 1565 by Stefano di Andria, and amended between 1720 and 1730 by D. Della Torre. At number 10 shows the Taubenkogel , four-storey palace Built in 1618 in late Renaissance style. On the left is opened Freiheitsplatz surrounded by nineteenth-century neoclassical buildings and the statue of Emperor Franz I , by Pompeo Marchesi in 1841. To the right of the square is the Schauspielhaus , a theater constructed in 1825 by P. von Nobile.
»Graz Dom (Burggasse 3) [official website ]: Graz Cathedral, conducted by Hans Niesenberger, he built the Emperor Frederick III between 1438 and 1464 as a church palate and late Gothic style. You are at the site of a twelfth-century church dedicated to San Gil. The main entrance is decorated with the coat of arms of Frederick III and one side, one of the exterior walls are the remains of a fresco of the late fifteenth century called 'Landplagenbild', which shows the main threats affecting Styria in 1480: plague , locusts and the Turks. The interior is divided into three naves and starred vaults. The aisles are decorated with late Gothic frescoes.
To the right of the cathedral is the Mausoleum , the funeral chapel of Emperor Ferdinand II, which is one of the most significant examples of the transition from Mannerism to baroque in Austria. The construction, formed by the Gruftkapelle Katherinenkirche and was initiated by Giovanni Pietro Pomis in 1614, continued until 1639 by Pietro Valnegro after the death of him, and finished by JB Fischer von Erlach the Elder who designed the lavish decor.

Remains of the Brug and Stiege III (Graz)

»Graz Burg (Hofgasse 15): To the left of the Sun, near the Burgtor,, 1453 , there are still some old parts of the former imperial palace, dismantled in the nineteenth century, today houses the regional government of Styria. It was built by Emperor Frederick III and extended by Maximilian I in the XV and XVI. It should be noted in The patio, on the left, the Stiege III (step III), double spiral staircase Gothic (1499), a masterpiece of the stonemason.
"Bürgergasse : This street starts to the right of Dom in the number 1 is the Domherrenho f (1597) with stucco H. Formentini, in the 2A is the Alte Universität , built between 1607 and 1609 by Pietro Valnegro and restored between 1776 and 1778 by J. Hueber; in 2 is the Jesuitenkollegium , today, seminary, built by V. Truth in 1572 with neoclassical facade, at number 3 on Palais Schwarzenberg, 1631, cover by J. Hueber (1775) and 5 the Palais Trauttmansdorf , built between 1630 and 1640.
"Leechkirche (Leechgasse 24): It is the oldest church in the city and is located on the northwestern outskirts of Old Town. It was built in the late thirteenth century, in gothic style by the Teutonic Order. Still see the large windows, the apse and a beautiful cover. The eardrum may see a Madonna on the throne in 1772 made in polychrome stone.

» Bibliography: " 'Monuments and tourist attractions of Graz' (cultural and tourist brochure Tourist Office of Graz) »Austria (Total Guide Anaya Touring Club)

» Links: "Stadt Graz (Official Website) " Graz Tourism (Official) ' Graz (Wikitravel) " Graz (Wikipedia) " Graz (Yahoo Travel) "Graz