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Nuremberg (Germany)

Nuremberg (Nürnberg) ('nourenberg "means" rocky hill ") is the second largest city in Bavaria. Situated on the banks of the Pegnitz and a special medieval atmosphere , is surrounded by walls dating from the fifteenth century with a total of eighty towers. Nuremberg was first mentioned in an official document of the year 1050 and received the privileges of a free city in 1219 Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries the city reached the peak of his power and was a commercial and cultural center of Franconia. Attracted numerous artists, artisans and intellectuals as Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528, painter), Peter Henlein (1485-1542, inventor of the pocket watch, the so-called Nürnberger Ei), Veit Stoss (1445-1533, sculptor, painter, engraver and copper), Hans Sachs (1494 -1576, poet) and others.
in the past was a major publisher. In 1493 was released here the 'Liber Cronicarum "of Schedel, and in 1543, following the adoption of the Reformation in 1525,' On the Revolutions of the heavenly bodies' of Copernicus. The Thirty Years War halted development of the city, but in the nineteenth century became the focus of Pangerman movement.
But the history of the city was also sadly marked by the trials of Nazi soldiers in 1945-1946. Nuremberg The Nazis used as a meeting place for their distinctive German. At the end of World War II the old town was destroyed by bombing almost entirely. Reconstruction based on historical maps was completed in 1966.
Nuremberg is also famous for its sausages, gingerbread, the Nürnberger Lebkuchen (cookies with spices) and their "Christkindlesmarkt."

St Lorenz-Kirche (Nürnberg)

»Buildings and places of interest:

" "Lorenzer Seite:

The area south of the old city, known as Lorenzo Seite , is separated from the north by the river Pegnitz and bounded to the south by the city walls. Many of the area's historic buildings were rebuilt after severe damage during World War II.
"Frauentor (Frauentorgraben): Frauentor, one of the most attractive doors of the old city, is linked to the imposing city walls, which were built in the XV and XVI. The vast Dicker Turm was erected not far from here in the fifteenth century. The Königstor, the majestic door lift up others the right of the Dicker Turm, was dismantled in the nineteenth century. The Frauentor leads to a series of alleys with half-timbered houses. shops and cafes built after the war.
"Marthakirche (Königstrasse 74-78): The small church of Santa Marta Hospital (fourteenth century) is cloistered between the neighboring houses. Although the interior has little ornamentation, preserves a magnificent Gothic stained glass windows dating from around 1390.
"Mauthalle (Hallplatz 2): The gigantic gothic barn dominating Königstrasse was erected in 1498-1502 by Hans Beheim the Elder. Originally housed the local scales and the customs office. In the nineteenth century the building was transformed into a shopping center that was rebuilt after the war.
"Germanisches Nationalmuseum (Kartäusergasse 1) [official website ]: The Germanic National Museum was founded in 1852 by a Franconian nobleman named Hans von Aufseß, settling a century old monastery XV. Is the main museum in Germany and contains the largest collection of Germanic art and culture in a period spanning from prehistory until the twentieth century. Among his important works include the Codex Aureus, also known as the Gospel of Echternach and elaborate gold in Trier in the eleventh century, paintings of Albrecht Dürer (notably his work 'Portrait of Michel Wolgemut' of 1516) and Lucas Cranach the Elder, sculptures Ferdinand Dietz and works by Konrad Witz, Hans Baldung Grien, Adolf Aldorfer or Tilman Riemenschneider. It has a collection of more than one million objects from every period of German history as the globe, and a library with a file containing many original documents in the history of the city.

Heilig-Geist-Spital (Nürnberg)

"Lorenz-Kirche St (Lorenzerplatz 10): The Gothic church of San Lorenzo began to be built in 1270 and its completion ended in 1477 when added the vast sanctuary. The most important building in Nuremberg is a good example of 'Hallenkirche' typical German Gothic church with three aisles at the same height. It highlights the famous group of sculptures 'Annunciation' (Engelsgruss) of Veit Stoss (1519), made of wood and suspended from the ceiling over the altar, the crucifix on the altar and the magnificent statue del arcángel MIguel, ambos también de Stoss; las magníficas vidrieras del siglo XV (1493-1495), obra de Adam Kraft; y el reloj solar realizado por Johannes Stabius. Posee un interior fino, espacioso y muy luminoso y su belleza exterior es admirable, con un pórtico principal admirable.
» Heilig-Geist-Spital (Spitalgasse 16) [ Web oficial ]: El Hospital del Espíritu Santo fue construido entre 1332 y 1339 a orillas del río Pegnitz, y se cuenta entre los hospitales medievales más grandes. Posee un precioso patio interior con galerías de madera. El ala que vadea el río se erigió durante las obras de ampliación realizadas en 1448-1527. Los leprosos acogidos in the hospital occupied a building with half-timbered walls that was built especially for them. Between 1424 and 1796 were kept here the insignia of the Holy Roman Empire, rather than in the castle. It now houses a nursing home and a restaurant.

and Hauptmark Schöner Brunnen (Nürnberg)

" " north of the old city (Sebaldus Seite)

"Hauptmarkt : The main market provides a picturesque setting to the famous Christkindlesmarkt, which is held every year in Advent. In this market you can taste famous gingerbread, the typical German sausages and red wine spiced with cloves, or locally produced souvenirs. Stresses the
Schöner Brunnen (Beautiful Fountain) Gothic church was erected between 1389 and 1396 by the builder and mason Heinrich Beheim and replaced in 1902 by a replica made by Albert Leipold. The source consists of a beautifully carved needle 19 m in height rising above the center of an octagonal. The latter is surrounded by a fence that houses the famous Renaissance gold ring. Legend has it that those who make a wish while turning the ring three times is true. The battery is ornamented with statues of philosophers, evangelists and church fathers, and the needle, with statues of heroes of Voters and Jews and Christians. The guardrail around the fountain basin was forged in 1587 by Paulus Kühn of Augsburg sculptor. In the Germanisches Nationalmuseum provide elements of the original source.
" Frauenkirche (Hauptmarkt 14): Church of Our Lady (Frauenkirche) was built between 1352-1358 by order of Emperor Charles IV, who made up the temple floor lounge where was formerly a Jewish synagogue. It is a late Gothic building with square. On the porch is the chorus of San Miguel de Adam Kraft with a clock (called Männleinlaufen) dating from 1509 dominates the facade. Every day at 12 am, you can see the famous procession of Electors paying homage from a window of the main facade to the Emperor Charles IV. Also noteworthy is the Gothic altar (Tucher Altar), 1445.

Rathaus (Nuremberg)

" Rathaus (Rathausplatz 2): The construction of the Nuremberg Old Town Hall spanned three centuries. In the fourteenth century stone was laid in the sixteenth century became a full expansion and it was not until the seventeenth century when it was added to Rathausplatz facade in Renaissance style by Jakob Wolf between 1616 and 1622. After the severe damage suffered during the Second World War had to be newly remodeled. The council has a beautiful facade with Gothic parts and parts belonging to the High Renaissance. Inside you can visit several venues, most notably the old medieval prison, kept in perfect condition, with twelve cells in which usually remained two prisoners each, and the chilling torture chamber that allows to know the harsh judicial customs of the Middle Ages. Outside City Hall you can see the popular Gänsemännchenbrunnen source ('Man of the geese'), built in 1557 with design of the artist Hans Peiss and cast in bronze by Pankraz Labenwolf.
"Spielzeugmuseum (Karlstrasse 13-15): Nuremberg is considered one of the great capitals of the toy, and true to its popularity offers the possibility to visit the Spielzeugmuseum (Toy Museum), one of the most impressive museums in Europe with an extensive collection and great quality in each of the exhibits in it. It was opened in 1974 and offers collections of all ages and ethnicities, on all of the last two years. It is possible to find models of rail, board horses, all sorts of paper toys, the extensive "world of tin" and an extensive collection of dolls and accessories.

Sebaldus St-Kirche (Nürnberg)

"Kirche St-Sebaldus (Albrecht-Dürer Platz 1) [official website ]: Built in 1273, St. Sebald Church is the oldest of Nuremberg and is an excellent example of transition from Romanesque to Gothic styles German. It was built in 1230-1273 as a Romanesque basilica with two choirs. During the XIV century reforms added two aisles and a very high western choir. The Gothic towers were completed in the late fifteenth century. During the Second World War was seriously destroyed and was rebuilt in its entirety.
emphasize its excellent stained glass windows and impressive works of art that can be seen inside, as the 'Crucifixion' of the main altar (1520), the statue of Saint Andrew (1505) of the ambulatory and the 'Passion of Volckamersche' (1499 ), all of the sculptor Veit Stoss, or the tomb of St. Sebald of Peter Vischer the Elder, located in the center of the sanctuary. Are remarkable also the wonderful Gothic font and the epitaph of the Tucher family, the work of Hans von Kulmbach (1513).
"Egidienkirche (Egidienplatz 37): The church of San Egidio is the only baroque church is now housed in Nuremberg. The facade, built after a fire in 1696, hides a building full of Romanesque and Gothic elements of the former Benedictine church. The oldest chapels, as Euchariuskapalle (Romanesque), the Tetzelkapellethe (1345) and Wolfgangkapelle (late Gothic) belong to the original construction and have survived until today.
"Albrecht Dürer Haus (Albrecht-Dürer-Strasse 39): This house was inhabited by Albrecht Dürer from 1509 until his death in 1528, the most famous artist of the German Renaissance, which represented the renewal of cultural territory outside of Italy. The 'prodigal son' of Nuremberg left 90 paintings, 130 prints and hundreds of woodcuts and drawings. The house has been open to the public since 1871 and today is transformed into veritable museum of his work, where you can learn how the artists lived and worked at the time. In the square stands the monument to Albrecht Dürer, while his grave is in the cemetery of St. Johannis-Friedhof.
almost opposite the house of Durer, and below the fort, is the Pilatushaus , The home of Pilatus. It is one of few buildings of stone and wood lattice, which survived the destruction of the Second World War in this area of \u200b\u200bOld Town.

Kaiserburg (Nürnberg)

"Kaiserburg (Auf der Burg 13): The Imperial Castle (Kaiserburg) is the emblem of Nuremberg, standing in a magical way between the old city and be among the most important imperial palaces of the Middle Ages. Its elevated position offers breathtaking views of the city. Emperors resided here all of the Holy Roman Empire from the years 1050 until 1571. It is currently open to the public the main building with Romanesque double chapel (the best preserved), the rooms of the emperors, the deep well (Tiefer Brunnen) and one of the towers, Sinwellturm XII century.
La Fortaleza Real (Burg) of Nuremberg is composed of three sections: the Imperial Castle mentioned (Kaiserburg), some buildings Burgraves Nürnberg (Burggrafenburg), with Free Reich's buildings to the east and the municipal buildings of the City Imperial in the west (Reichsstädtische Bauten). Burgstrasse climbing leads to the Fünfeckturm (Pentagonal Tower), dating from 1040, and is building more old city and a legacy of the castle of Von burgraves Zollern. At his feet is the Kaiserstallung (stables of the Emperor), which now houses a youth hostel.
"Documentationszentrum Reichsparteitagsgelände (Bayernstr 110): The vast complex unfinished buildings in the area south of the city dates from the Nazi era. Its construction began in 1933 to house the National Socialist Party concentrations. The building houses an exhibition and a historical archive.
"Palais Zeltner (Gleishammer 6): Zeltner Palace was built during the fourteenth century. Its current name is that in the nineteenth century was bought by a well known manufacturer overseas call Johannes Zeltner. Earlier, during the fifteenth century, was owned by one of the best-known businessmen in Nuremberg, Herdegen Valzner. Highlights its beautiful facade, accompanied by beautiful surroundings, beautiful gardens and ponds.
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